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The Commissioner of Education was the title given to the head of the federal Office of Education, which was historically a unit within and originally assigned to the Department of the Interior in the United States. The position was created on March 2, 1867, when an Act to establish the Office of Education took effect under the influence of the more Radical Republican Party (then "liberal") influences from the Northern states and New England which were much more progressive in the fields of education and had already established many state departments of education and created a large number of public schools and systems in cites, towns and counties, both on the elementary (grammar) school level and the high schools, in which the South had lagged behind. The Commissioner was the U.S. government's highest education official from after the Civil War and its reforming period of "Reconstruction", from 1867 until 1972, when the office of Assistant Secretary for Education was established within the independent Department of Health, Education and Welfare, which had been earlier created as a cabinet-level department in April 1953, under the Democratic Party leadership of 33rd President Harry Truman, continuing the previous advances created by the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President during the "Great Depression" and the Second World War, and instigated with his successor Dwight D. Eisenhower.〔 Ultimately, the head of the Federal Government's nationwide educational efforts was reorganized with the separation and division of old H.E.W. of the new United States Department of Education in 1979, under 39th President Jimmy Carter with its own Cabinet-level position of the U.S. Secretary of Education. ==Responsibilities== The Commissioner was responsible for: *Formulating educational policy *Administering the various functions of the Office of Education *Coordinating educational activities at the national level The Commissioner also served as an ''ex officio'' member of the District of Columbia Commission on Licensure, the Board of Foreign Scholarships and served as the governmental representative on the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United States Commissioner of Education」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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